【打印本页】   【下载PDF全文】   查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器  关闭
←前一篇|后一篇→ 过刊浏览    高级检索
本文已被:浏览 2735次   下载 372 本文二维码信息
码上扫一扫!
分享到: 微信 更多
生态思想的发展演变及其对风景园林的影响
刘京一, 林箐, 李娜亭
北京林业大学
摘要:
19世纪中叶—20世纪60年代,生态学将生物和环境视为一个整体,一些风景园林理论和实践蕴含了这一思想;20世纪60—70年代,一些学者将生态学的“平衡态范式”引入风景园林学科,形成以自然优先和科学实证为特征的生态决定论思想;20世纪80—90年代,生态学发生以复杂性为特征的范式转变,规划设计开始以景观生态学理论为基础,重视景观动态格局以及科学与艺术的结合;20世纪末出现了将生态作为复杂系统的隐喻的趋势,生态都市主义思想和实践应运而生。今天风景园林中的生态思想是多层次的,并综合体现在实践之中。
关键词:  风景园林  生态思想  生态规划  生态设计  生态都市主义
DOI:
分类号:TU986
基金项目:
The Development of the Ecological Ideologies and Their Influences on
LIU Jing-yi, LIN Qing, LI Na-ting
Beijing Forestry University
Abstract:
From the mid-19th century to the 1960s, ecology had viewed organism and the environment as a whole, which had been implicated in some theories and practice of landscape architecture; in the 1960s-1970s, some scholars introduced the “equilibrium paradigm” of ecology into landscape architecture, and “ecological determinism” featuring nature first and scientific positivism had been formed; in the 1980-1990s, ecology had experienced a paradigm shift toward complexity, planning and design based on landscape ecology began to emphasize dynamic landscape configurations and the integration of science and art; since the late 20th century, there has been a trend viewing “ecology” as a metaphor for complex systems, giving rise to the theory and practice of ecological urbanism. Today, the ecological ideologies in landscape architecture have different levels, and they are also embodied comprehensively in practice.
Key words:  landscape architecture  ecological ideology  ecological planning  ecological design  ecological urbanism
引用本文:刘京一,林箐,李娜亭.生态思想的发展演变及其对风景园林的影响[J].风景园林,2018,25(1):14-20.
LIU Jing-yi,LIN Qing,LI Na-ting.The Development of the Ecological Ideologies and Their Influences on[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2018, 25(1):14-20.