| 摘要: |
| 本文基于真实的案例研究：文章呈现了肖普朗镇（Sopron）近8年城市公共空间的更新过程，这座历史悠久的小镇是宜昌（中国）的姐妹城市，它坐落于中欧与东欧交界处，匈牙利（Hungary）西部。作为一项长期研究、规划和协商过程的组成部分，该公共空间更新项目的第一期也是最重要的工程阶段（包括洋葱形城市中心区在内），在后续工程规划过程中，就已经完成并获得了多项匈牙利国内及国际奖项。由此，该项目所承担的风险就是双倍的。一方面，考虑到城市的公共设施是一种很特殊的硬件，我们已经通过减少场地中主要的机动车交通和停车空间对其进行了更新。相反，我们为行人开放了城市广场，而且加强了广场与周围建筑底层商铺之间的联系。另一方面，任何活动都可以在此发生，因为从那时起，焕然一新的户外就餐区，就为众多的城市事件、庆典提供了活动场所，同时也为一般的城市步行功能提供了空间。随着更新过程中复杂技术和施工工艺的出现，我们力图展现潜藏在历史以及城市记忆中的场地空间特征：城堡街（Várkerület）的前身是环绕着历史城区的被水覆盖的护城河区域。这决定了它在空间中特殊的形态、模式以及宽度变化。这种空间格局的重构为适应21世纪功能需求的城市复兴奠定了坚实的基础。所有这些都是在一项特殊的研究过程中进行的，这些设计结果可以直接应用在设计原则之中。该过程具有先进性，同时伴随着一个特殊的研究过程：在方法论层面得出可供直接使用的设计原则。 |
| 关键词: 城市复兴 道路 基础设施 景观设计 城市历史中心 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目: |
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| The Memory of An Urban Public Square |
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(Hungary) Levente Szabó, ZHANG Ren-tu, HU Yi-ke
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Hetedik Mu?terem
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| Abstract: |
| This paper is a real case study: it presents the almost 8-year long public place renewal process of Sopron, Yichang’s (China) sister city, a historic town located on the western border of the small Central and Eastern European country, Hungary. As part of a longer research, planning and negotiation processes, the first and largest phase of the public place project, which embraces the onion shaped city core, has already been implemented and awarded a number of Hungarian and international prizes, while the following phases are under planning. The stake was double. On the one hand, considering the city's infrastructure as a special hardware, we have fundamentally renewed it by reducing the dominant presence of car traffic and parking. Instead, the square was opened for the pedestrians, and the ground floor shops of the buildings surrounding the plaza were also provided with an enhanced connection to the square. On the other hand, any software can run on this hardware because since then the place has been refurbished by terraces of catering establishments, giving place to many city events, celebrations, but also to an ordinary urban walkway feature. With the renewal’s complex technical and engineering toolkit, we actually wanted to bring to the surface the characteristics hidden in the past, in the history, and finally in the memory of this urban space: the Várkerület (Castle District) was the filled up area of the former water-filled moat around the historic downtown. And this determines its special shape, form and width varying in space. The reconstruction of this spatial pattern provided a firm background to the revitalization that was tailored to the functional needs of the 21st century. All this was preceded and in parallel accompanied by a special research process the methodological results of which we could directly use in applying the design principles. |
| Key words: urban revitalization roads infrastructures landscape design historic city centers |
| 引用本文: | 匈牙利）列文特·萨博,张忍图,胡一可.城市公共广场的空间记忆—匈牙利·肖普朗镇历史城市中心的再生[J].风景园林，2018，25（4）：12-24. |
| (Hungary) Levente Szabó,ZHANG Ren-tu,HU Yi-ke.The Memory of An Urban Public Square[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2018, 25(4):12-24. |
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