| 摘要: |
| 加强对公共空间中人群疏散风险点的空间干预和风险预防，是管控事故易发点、减少公共空间安全事故发生的重要过程。但是，如果人群疏散风险点的选取出现漏洞或偏差，就会对公共空间监控管理造成错误引导，甚至使得干预措施失效。因而，对精准筛选公共空间中风险点的评估方法研究，评估公共空间人群疏散过程中蕴藏的拥挤踩踏风险，就尤为重要。研究基于宏观视角，采用定量综合评估法，通过对网状道路结构类型的公共空间人群游览路径的调查，以及对空间组织关系特征分析，分别对人群聚集度和空间疏散度进行定量评估后，综合叠加2个因子评估结果，对人群疏散风险度进行评估及风险关键点的筛选。并以重庆动物园为例，运用该种定量综合评价法评估人群疏散风险关键点，其结论综合考虑了人群聚集程度及空间疏散能力，对精准反映公共空间的风险点有积极的实证意义。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 公共空间安全 疏散风险 定量综合评估法 重庆动物园 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:重庆市社会民生科技创新专项项目“社会网络环境下人群聚集频发的公共空间安全优化策略研究”（编号cstc2016shmszx0418） |
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| — Landscape Architectural Design in Chang Ying Gong Yuan Business Centre, Beijing |
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ZUO Liang-yu, MAO Hua-song, LIAO Cong-quan, LI Yu-meng
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Chongqing University
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| Abstract: |
| Strengthening the space intervention and risk prevention of evacuation risk points in public space is an important process to control accident prone points and reduce the occurrence of public space safety accidents. However, if there are loopholes or deviations in the selection of evacuation risk points, it will lead to wrong guidance to the monitoring and management of public space, and even make the intervention measures invalid. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the evaluation method of risk points in the accurate screening of public space and to assess crowded stampede risk during the process of crowd evacuation in public spaces. In this paper, from a macro perspective, based on the investigation of crowd’s real tour path in public space of netted road structure type, as well as the analysis of public space spatial organization characteristics, applying the node accessfrequency method (NAFM) and the convex map analysis in the space syntax theory respectively assesses the crowds gathered degree and space evacuation degree, and then synthesize the evaluation results of the two factors to evaluate the risk of crowd evacuation and identify the key nodes with high risk. This quantitative comprehensive method was applied to Chongqing zoo, not only considers the crowd concentration, but also takes the spatial evacuation ability into consideration, which has positive significance with real evidence to accurately can comprehensively reflect the evacuation risk points of public space crowd. |
| Key words: landscape architecture public space security evacuation risk quantitative comprehensive assessment method Chongqing Zoo |
| 引用本文: | 左粮瑜,毛华松,廖聪全,黎宇梦.公共空间疏散风险点定量综合评估方法研究[J].风景园林，2018，25（6）：90-95. |
| ZUO Liang-yu,MAO Hua-song,LIAO Cong-quan,LI Yu-meng.— Landscape Architectural Design in Chang Ying Gong Yuan Business Centre, Beijing[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2018, 25(6):90-95. |
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