| 摘要: |
| 城市空间形态是城市特殊微气候形成的主要因素之一。本研究旨在通过分析2016年及2017年武汉和郑州夏季移动实测数据，探讨不同气候区（夏热冬冷地区和寒冷地区）、不同用地属性（商业和住宅）以及不同城市空间形态指标（天空开阔度、绿化覆盖率、建筑高度和建筑密度）对夏季午后城市热环境形成的影响机理，并基于非线性回归分析，研究城市空间形态各项指标与夏季午后气温的相关性。结果显示，在夏季午后，建筑的遮阴效果是对城市气温影响最为关键性的因素。特别是在郑州，建筑密度和天空开阔度2个因素最为关键，具有显著的相关性。相比之下，武汉气温值与建筑遮阴效果的相关性低于郑州，说明干热环境下太阳辐射对气温的高低起决定性因素，而湿热环境下却并不显著。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市空间形态 用地功能 天空开阔度 城市热环境 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（编号51708237）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（编号51538004）；57届中国博士后基金（编号2015M572144）；华中科技大学自主创新基金（编号0118220100） |
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| Impacts of Mobile Survey-based Urban Spatial Forms on Summer Afternoon Thermal Environments |
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ZHOU Xuefan, CHEN Hong, WU Yunni, XU Huahua
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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| Abstract: |
| Urban spatial form is a key factor contributing to the formation of urban distinct microclimate. By analyzing the mobile measurement meteorological data of Wuhan and Zhengzhou in 2016 and 2017, this paper explores the impacts of different climate zones (hot-summer and cold-winter zones, cold areas), different land use categories (commercial and residential), different urban spatial form indexes (sky view rate, greening rate, building height, building density) on the urban thermal environment in summer afternoons. And based on nonlinear regression analysis, it also evaluates the correlations between the urban spatial form indexes and summer afternoon air temperatures. The results showed that the shading effect of buildings is the most crucial factor on summer afternoon temperatures. In Zhengzhou in particular, building density and sky ratio are the most important, with significant correlations. In comparison, the correlation of temperatures and building shading effect in Wuhan is less obvious than in Zhengzhou. It shows that solar radiation plays a decisive role in the rise and fall of temperature in the dry and hot environment, while it is less significant in a hot and humid environment. |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban spatial form land use function sky view rate urban thermal environment |
| 引用本文: | 周雪帆,陈宏,吴昀霓,许华华.基于移动测量的城市空间形态对夏季午后城市热环境影响研究[J].风景园林，2018，25（10）：21-26. |
| ZHOU Xuefan,CHEN Hong,WU Yunni,XU Huahua.Impacts of Mobile Survey-based Urban Spatial Forms on Summer Afternoon Thermal Environments[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2018, 25(10):21-26. |
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