| 摘要: |
| 恒毅力是一种基础性的人格特征。恒毅力对于人一生的健康和福祉都有着重要的积极影响。大量研究证明接触自然对当代人恒毅力的养成有显著的促进作用。根据人类身心发展的规律，以恒毅力为主要目标的自然教育最好从学龄前儿童期（5~6岁）开始进行。遗憾的是，关于此类自然教育的理论及实践知识仍然处于分散和不足的状态。因而，发展相对完整的自然教育体系以培养学龄前儿童的恒毅力是十分紧急且重要的。从恒毅力自然教育的理论框架、关键要素及其权重、自然教育及体验活动智库、对自然教育场所及活动的策略性设计这4部分探讨该类自然教育的理论体系和实践策略，或可为研究者提供儿童恒毅力的未来研究趋势，为教育者提供自然教育的实践启示，为设计师提供自然体验的新思路。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 恒毅力 自然教育 自然体验 学龄前儿童 景观设计 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2019.10.0040.08 |
| 分类号:TU986.2 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Cultivation of Grit: A Type of Nature Education for Urban Preschool Children |
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ZHANG Xiaolai, JIANG Bin*
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University of Hong Kong
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| Abstract: |
| Grit, a fundamental personality trait, is beneficial for individual’s lifelong health and well-being. A great amount of studies have shown that contact with nature has significant positive impacts on cultivating an individual’s grit. According to the human’s psychological and physical conditions at different ages, the grit-oriented nature education shall be started at the preschool age (5-6 years old). Unfortunately, both theoretical and practical knowledge of this type of education are fragmented and deficient. Therefore, it is pressing and important to develop a set of nature education programs aiming to develop grit for preschool children. Probing into the theoretical system and practical strategies of grit-oriented nature education from key parts of the theoretical framework, key components of the education with the weight of importance, a think tank of grit-oriented nature education, and strategic design of nature education settings, this study provides researchers with future research trends, educators with inspirations of nature education practice, and designers with new ideas of nature experience. |
| Key words: landscape architecture grit nature education contact with nature preschool children landscape design |
