| 摘要: |
| 潮洪灾害、海平面上升已促使沿海城市由“抵御”向“适应”转变。通过修复盐沼提高海岸防护的韧性，已被认可是一种有效的适应对策。选取旧金山湾为案例，基于文献和实地调研，探究城市盐沼修复的实践路径和设计方法。研究表明，适应性管理是旧金山湾三代修复实践得以不断优化、发展的关键，帮助制定、调整目标和方法，弹性应对不确定性；旧金山湾通过发展修复设计导则，加速盐沼修复，促进形成更自然的盐沼；并修复过渡区，提供盐沼向内陆迁移的空间，缓解海岸挤迫。最后，提出中国河口海岸城市实施盐沼修复的可借鉴之处，推进海岸防护措施向基于自然的途径转变。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 盐沼修复 海岸防护 修复设计 城市化 海平面上升 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.01.0115.06 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:国家留学基金委员会资助项目（编号201506250028） |
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| Rebuilding Coastal Resilience: Salt Mash Restoration in San Francisco Bay and its Enlightenment |
|
LI Ya
|
|
Tianjin University
|
| Abstract: |
| Many coastal cities choose to adapt to the future sea level rise and coastal flooding impacts, rather than to resist them. Restoring salt marshes to build coastal resilience has been accepted as a most effective adaptation strategy. Through literature studies and field surveys, this paper takes San Francisco Bay as a case study to explore the practice pathways and design methods of urban salt marsh restoration. It shows adaptive management is key to the continuous optimization and development of the three generations of marsh restoration, which helps to develop and adjust goals and methods and to cope with uncertainty flexibly. San Francisco Bay develops restoration design guidelines to accelerate restoration and create more natural marshes. Restoring the ecotones will provide migration space landwards for salt marshes to mitigate coastal squeeze. In the end, the paper reveals the enlightenment on salt marsh restoration to promote nature-based coastal defence in China’s estuarine and coastal cities. |
| Key words: landscape architecture salt marsh restoration coastal defence restoration design urbanization sea level rise |
