| 摘要: |
| 分区规划是国家公园总体规划的重要组成部分，是综合处理国家公园资源保护、社区管理和访客管理等各方面问题的重要途径，对提高保护管理效果具有十分重要的意义。简要梳理分区规划发展脉络，总结分区的多学科缘起，以及在世界国家公园与保护地领域和在中国自然保护地的应用与发展；在分析美国、德国、新西兰和日本现行国家公园分区模式的基础上，提出国际上国家公园分区规划呈现出分区目标综合、分区政策细致、分区技术科学、分区决策机制灵活等特征与发展趋势，对中国国家公园分区规划提出确定目标体系、进行价值研判、确定保护和利用强度，从而形成分区的技术路径，并强调行政管理的简化诉求与技术方法的精细趋势之间的平衡。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 国家公园 分区规划 总体管理规划 自然保护地 自然保护 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.06.0073.08 |
| 分类号:TU986，TU981 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（编号 51708323，51708053）；北京市教育委员会社科计划重点项目（编号 SZ201810016009） |
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| The Evolution and Development Trend of National Park Zoning Plan |
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ZHAO Zhicong1, PENG Lin2
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1.Tsinghua University;2.Chongqing University
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| Abstract: |
| Zoning plan is a key part of the general management plan for national parks, and an important approach to comprehensively deal with resource protection, community management and visitor management of national parks. It is of great significance to improve the effectiveness of protection and management. This paper briefly sorts out the development context of zoning planning, summarizes the multi-disciplinary origin of zoning, and its application and development in national parks and protected areas home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the current national park zoning methods in the United States, Germany, Japan and the New Zealand, it points out that the zoning plan of national parks in the world has presented the characteristics and trends of comprehensive objectives, detailed policies, scientific and digital technology, and flexible decision-making system. Regarding the zoning plan of national parks in China, it proposes to formulate a technical path by setting a target system, conducting value analysis and determining the protection and utilization intensity. It also emphasizes the balance between the demands of streamlining administrative management and the trend of elaborate technical methods. |
| Key words: landscape architecture national park zoning general management planning protected area natural conservation |
