| 摘要: |
| 晚明福州著名文人曹学佺的石仓园是当时福建地区最负盛名的园林之一，其设计营造既表达了晚明文人园林普遍的趣味与手法，又呈现出较为鲜明的闽中地区的造园特征。利用文献研究法及实地调查法，对曹学佺的诗集《石仓诗稿》及相关历史文献进行整理分析，并结合园址现状地形的勘察，对石仓园进行考据和复原，尝试还原石仓园全盛时期的面貌，并在此基础上从营造历程、布局构成、景物配置等方面对其造园特征展开分析。结果表明，晚明时期的石仓园整体上主要呈现追求山林幽境、因借天然山水及丰富的植物造景三大特征；山下以大水池为中心环池置景，山上景点建筑掩映在林木中，景点建筑质朴疏朗且融入自然，并十分注重巧借园外之景，包括四周的山川、寺庙、田园、村庄等。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 晚明 福州 曹学佺 石仓园 复原 造园特征 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.06.0121.06 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research on Layout Restoration and Characteristics of Cao Xuequan’s Shicang Garden in Fuzhou in Late Ming Dynasty |
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ZHOU Xiangpin, WU Yijing
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Tongji University
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| Abstract: |
| Shicang Garden is a renowned garden in Fuzhou built by Cao Xuequan in late Ming Dynasty. Its design and construction expressed the common interest and techniques of literati gardens in late Ming Dynasty, and showed distinctive characteristics of gardening in central Fujian region. Based on the analysis of Cao Xuequan’s poetry collection Shicang Poetry and related historical documents, as well as the current terrain of the site, this research tries to restore the full picture of Shicang Garden in its heyday. On this basis, it analyzes the gardening characteristics from the aspects of construction history, layout composition and scenery configuration. The garden presents three main features of late Ming Dynasty: the pursuit of mountain forest seclusion, borrowing natural landscape, and rich plant landscaping. The scenes at the foot of the mountain are set around the big pool. The buildings of the mountain scenic spots are covered in trees, looking simple, sparse and integrated into nature, while ingeniously borrowing the scenery outside the garden, including the surrounding mountains, temples, gardens and villages. |
| Key words: landscape architecture late Ming Dynasty Fuzhou Cao Xuequan Shicang Garden layout recovery gardening characteristics |
