| 摘要: |
| 随着城市扩张蔓延、自然环境变化，处于城市中的深山区与山前平原过渡地带的浅山区易受到多源因素综合作用。判断浅山区景观生态风险，进行景观格局优化，能够有效实现浅山与城市区域的生态安全稳定。在总结国内外相关研究的基础上，以北京市浅山区生态环境为出发点，利用景观生态学方法、景观格局指数法、空间主成分分析法和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，从景观格局、自然要素、人类社会要素3个方面对景观生态风险进行综合评价。基于评价结果，采用最小累积阻力（MCR）模型构建生态廊道与生态节点，优化浅山区域景观格局。结果表明：浅山区景观生态风险不均衡，其变化与土地利用变化趋势基本吻合。共识别了10个生态源地，构建了10条生态廊道、14个生态节点，组成点、线、面交织的多层次生态网络。优化了浅山区域景观格局，将有效改善研究区的生态安全水平，对于北京浅山生态优先的发展战略、推动城市形成可持续的健康发展方式具有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 景观生态风险评价 最小累积阻力模型 景观格局优化 浅山区 生态安全 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2021.05.0080.06 |
| 分类号:TU984.115 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划 ( 编号 2019YFD11004021) |
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| Landscape Pattern Optimization Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Shallow Mountain Area in Beijing |
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NI Chang, ZHOU Kai, ZHENG Xi
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Beijing Forestry University
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| Abstract: |
| With the urban expansion and changes in the natural environment, shallow mountain area in the transition zone between deep mountains and pre-mountain plains have become vulnerable due to the combined effects of multiple source factors. Identifying landscape ecological risks in shallow mountain area and optimizing landscape patterns are effective means to ensure the ecological security and stability of shallow mountains and urban areas. Summarizing relevant studies at home and abroad, this research sets out with the ecological environment of shallow mountain area in Beijing. It applies the methods of landscape ecology, landscape pattern index, spatial principal component analysis, and geographic information system technology for a comprehensive assessment of landscape ecological risks from three aspects: landscape patterns, natural elements, and social elements. Based on the assessment results, it adopts the MCR model to construct ecological corridors and nodes to optimize the landscape patterns of shallow mountain area. The results show that the landscape ecological risks vary in the shallow mountain area, and the changes coincide with the land-use change trend. A total of 10 ecological source sites are identified, and 10 ecological corridors and 14 ecological nodes are constructed. These elements, together with the ecological source sites, have formed a multi-level ecological network with interwoven points, lines, and surfaces, and optimized the landscape patterns of shallow mountain area, effectively improving the ecological security level of the study area. They are of great significance for the development strategy in shallow mountain area that prioritizes ecology and promote a sustainable and healthy development mode in cities. |
| Key words: landscape architecture landscape ecological risk assessment minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model landscape pattern optimization shallow mountain area ecological security |
| 引用本文: | 倪畅,周凯,郑曦.基于景观生态风险评价的景观格局优化——以北京市浅山区为例[J].风景园林，2021，28（5）：80-85. |
| NI Chang,ZHOU Kai,ZHENG Xi.Landscape Pattern Optimization Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Shallow Mountain Area in Beijing[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2021, 28(5):80-85. |
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