| 摘要: |
| 当前城市发展越来越关注生态环境和文化内涵，公园更新正成为提升城市文化资本的重要媒介。在“花园城市”新加坡，公园更新不仅有效提升了国家形象、突显了城市特色，还增强了城市活力和对人才及资本的吸引力。在文化经济政策功能主义理性和工具主义理性作用下，公园更新主要通过生产领域、消费领域和控制权方面来提升城市文化资本。20世纪60—70年代，在“新加坡人”国家认同政策的推行下，新加坡国家植物园、裕廊公园、市镇公园通过建设多元文化主题公园促进种族融合；20世纪80—90年代，在“高品质生活”和“高雅社会”政策的引导下，丰富各级公园文化景点，促进旅游业的发展；2000年以来，基于“文艺复兴城市计划”，公园成为地方文化和公共艺术的主要展演场所，“艺术渗透生活”贯穿于滨海湾花园、裕廊湖花园以及市镇社区花园中。新加坡的公园建设与更新由政府自上而下推动并制定一系列文化经济政策作为保障，通过构建多元、高效、特色、实用的公园网络来提升环境宜居性和居民幸福感，并吸引国际投资和人才，可供中国公园更新的政策制定、规划设计等参考。 |
| 关键词: 公园更新 文化经济政策 城市文化资本 国家认同 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2021.06.0056.08 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（编号 51778403，51778406） |
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| City Cultural Capital and Local Rebuilding: Analysis of Singapore Park Construction and Renewal Process (1968-2020) |
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ZHANG Tianjie, CHENG Bingqian
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Tianjin University
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| Abstract: |
| At present, urban development is paying increasingly higher attention to ecological environment and cultural connotation. Park renewal has been a critical medium to enhance urban cultural capital. In the “Garden City” - Singapore, park renewal has not only effectively improved the national image and highlighted its characteristics, but also increased its vitality and attraction to talent and capital. Under the impact of functionalism and instrumentalism of the cultural economic policies, the park renewal has promoted the city cultural capital mainly in the aspects of production, consumption and control right. In the 1960s-1970s, the Singapore Botanic Gardens, Jurong Park and town parks facilitated racial integration through the construction of multi-cultural theme parks under the cultivation of national identity of “Singaporeans”. In the 1980s-1990s, parks at all levels enriched cultural attractions to boost the development of tourism under the guidance of “high-quality life” and “gracious society” policies. Since 2000, parks have become the main venues for the performance of local culture and public art, based on the policy of “Renaissance City Plan”. The “Arts Everywhere” runs through Gardens by the Bay, Jurong Lake Gardens and gardens in towns and communities. The Singapore practice furnishes us with many references, such as top-down policies guarantee led by the government, construction of a multi-cultural, efficient, characteristic and pragmatic park network to improve the environmental livability and residents’ happiness, and attract international investment and talents. |
| Key words: park renewal cultural economic policies city cultural capital national identity |
