| 摘要: |
| 以山东省兖州煤田邹城市太平采煤塌陷区为例，在多年调查研究基础上，分析太平采煤塌陷区新生湿地生物多样性特征及变化趋势，结合动态塌陷特点，重点针对生物多样性保护，探索基于自然的解决方案、以塌陷区新生湿地生物多样性保育为核心的生态修复技术。从生态系统整体设计与修复的角度，提出了6种基于生物多样性保育的采煤塌陷区生态修复模式，包括顺应塌陷时间节律的动态设计、以生境单元为基础的空间结构设计、地形–底质复合设计、水上–水下一体化设计、动物–植物协同设计、多功能生境设计模式，并进行了相关生态修复实践。结果表明，基于生物多样性保育的采煤塌陷区生态修复综合效益明显，修复后的采煤塌陷区成为多样性丰富、多物种协同的共生系统及林–水一体化的动态景观系统，并提供了丰富多样的生态产品。研究结果可为采煤塌陷区生物多样性保护和生态系统修复设计提供科学依据和技术参照。 |
| 关键词: 基于自然的解决方案 生态修复 生物多样性保育 动态塌陷 新生湿地 采煤塌陷区 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2022.03.0052.06 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（编号 52178031）；重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室重点基金（编号 2011DA105287-ZD201402） |
|
| Ecological Restoration Model of Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on Biodiversity Conservation |
|
YUAN Xingzhong1, ZHANG Chaofan1, ZHANG Guanxiong2, HUANG Xin3
|
|
1.Chongqing University;2.Qufu Normal University;3.Zoucheng City Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Shandong Province
|
| Abstract: |
| Taking the Taiping coal mining subsidence area in Zoucheng city of Yanzhou coalfield, Shandong Province as an example, this research, based on years of investigation and researches, analyzes the ecological status and biodiversity change characteristics of the newly created wetland in Taiping coal mining subsidence area. Incorporating the characteristics of dynamic collapse, it explores the ecological restoration technologies Nature-based Solutions while taking the biodiversity conservation of newly created wetland in the subsidence area as the core. From the perspective of overall ecosystem design and restoration, it gives an innovative technical framework for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration in coal mining subsidence areas. It proposes six ecological restoration models in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation, including dynamic design conforming to the collapse time rhythm, spatial structure design based on habitat unit, composite design of terrain-sediment, integrated design of above water and underwater, collaborative design of animals and plants, multi-functional habitats design, and carries out relevant ecological restoration practices. The results show that ecological restoration in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation yields obvious comprehensive benefits. The restored coal mining subsidence areas become a symbiotic system with rich diversity and multi species cooperation, a dynamic landscape system integrating forest and water, and provide rich and diverse ecological products. The research results provide scientific basis and technical reference for biodiversity protection and ecosystem restoration design in coal mining subsidence areas. |
| Key words: Nature-based Solution (NbS) ecological restoration biodiversity conservation dynamic collapse newly created wetland coal mining subsidence area |
| 引用本文: | 袁兴中,张超凡,张冠雄,黄鑫.基于生物多样性保育的采煤塌陷区生态修复模式[J].风景园林，2022，29（3）：52-57. |
| YUAN Xingzhong,ZHANG Chaofan,ZHANG Guanxiong,HUANG Xin.Ecological Restoration Model of Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on Biodiversity Conservation[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2022, 29(3):52-57. |
|
