| 摘要: |
| “海岸测绘”是针对挪威北极沿海景观中的聚落结构与空间逻辑的研究项目，目的是研究渔业在陆地上的印记。挪威北部的滨海景观在资源利用方面展示出历史的连续性，这一地域依存于欧洲干鱼市场已有1 000年的时间。今天，不同类别的沿海资源——渔业、海鲜生产、石油、天然气和矿产——比以往任何时候都更具吸引力，成为国家内部和全球范围不同经济利益集团的竞争对象。陆地和海洋的景观生产都遭遇挑战。聚落组织（由众多拥有优越的天然港口条件、在本地从事捕捞作业的渔村组成）在陆地上标记出渔业的印记，它们以不同的方式应对当今的挑战。基于案例研究及调查，从景观的深层结构、资源、社会文化生态位建设和地域的社会物质层等方面，研究讨论了聚落和地域组织所面临的文脉挑战，并梳理了未来渔村的样式类型：具有游憩功能的废墟空间、衰落的渔村、劳工营地、创造性的小村庄和当代的稳定性村落。通过一般性讨论和案例研究探讨乡村未来的可能性。 |
| 关键词: 景观 都市主义 北部地域 海岸 渔村 深层结构 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2022.11.0091.13 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目: |
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| The Imprint of Fisheries on Land: The Logics of Settlement Structure and Place in an Arctic Landscape |
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(NOR) Karl Otto Ellefsen, (NOR) Espen Aukrust Hauglin, WANG Wei
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Oslo School of Architecture (AHO)
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| Abstract: |
| The research project Coastal Mapping reports from studies of the settlement structure and place in the coastal landscape of arctic Norway. The intention is to study the imprint of the fisheries on land. The coastal landscapes of Northern Norway display a historical continuity in the use of resources, the territory being part of and dependent on a European marked for dried fish for a thousand years. Today, the different coastal resources — the fisheries, sea-food production, oil and gas and minerals — are more attractive than ever and objects for both national and global contest between different economic interests. The production landscapes of both land and sea are challenged. The settlement structure — consisting of a multitude of fishing villages located at and harvesting from good natural harbors — marks the imprint of fisheries on land, the villages coping in different ways with the contemporary challenges. The investigation and the narratives covers the deep structure of landscape, the resources, the socio cultural niche construction and the socio-material layers of place. Contextual challenges to settlement and territorial organization are discussed. A future typology of fishing villages are suggested under the categories: recreational ruins, fading fishing villages, labor campsis, inventive hamlets and contemporary stabile villages. The article might be seen as a case study for a more general discussion of possible rural futures. |
| Key words: landscape urbanism northern territories coast fishing village deep structure |
| 引用本文: | （挪威）卡尔·奥托·埃利弗森,（挪威）艾斯彭·奥克鲁斯特·豪林,王威.渔业在陆地上的印记——北极景观中的聚落结构与空间逻辑[J].风景园林，2022，29（11）：91-103. |
| (NOR) Karl Otto Ellefsen,(NOR) Espen Aukrust Hauglin,WANG Wei.The Imprint of Fisheries on Land: The Logics of Settlement Structure and Place in an Arctic Landscape[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2022, 29(11):91-103. |
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