| 摘要: |
| 无论是东方还是西方，花园的实践往往被赋予道德的诉求。对花园实践所体现与孕育的美德进行重点探讨，区分了花园外在、伴随而来的美德与内在、核心的美德。后者所包含的谦虚、关怀等品质，是花园实践繁茂不衰的必要条件。这些内在的美德被称为一种“安静”的美德，因为这些美德往往与安乐、平和、无为而治等一系列古典哲学理想所联系。正是对安静美德的关注，促使花园成为苦难的庇护所与智慧的源泉。对花园是特定美德的理想孕育环境的原因进行探讨。这其中的奥秘在于，在花园里人类的劳作与自然过程相互渗透、相互影响，这使得人们认识到了自然的伟大之处，也认识到了自身的局限，对自然的敬仰进一步培养出诸如谦逊这样的美德。 |
| 关键词: 花园实践 美德 谦逊 安宁 |
| DOI：10.12409/j.fjyl.202210250601 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Garden Practices, “Quiet” Virtues, and Understanding |
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David E. Cooper1, CAO Kaizhong2, ZHANG Chuhan3, QING Feng4
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1.Durham University;2.Communication University of China;3.Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology;4.Tsinghua University
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| Abstract: |
| In both Western and Asian traditions, moral purposes have been assigned to gardening and related practices. The focus in this paper is upon virtues that gardening practices may manifest and foster. A distinction is made between virtues incidental to gardening, and those internal or essential to it. The latter — including humility and care — are virtues required for gardens to flourish. These internal virtues are referred to as “quiet” ones, for they are virtues associated by the Ancients with such ideals of tranquillity as ataraxia, equanimity and wu-wei. Attention to these quiet virtues, it is argued, explains why gardens have been regarded both as places of refuge and ones conducive to wisdom. The question is addressed, finally, of why the garden is an especially apt arena for the cultivation of certain virtues. The answer refers to the way that, in the garden, human practices and natural processes inflect and permeate one another. Humility, for example, is fostered by recognizing one’s dependence upon nature and the limits of imposing human schemes upon it. |
| Key words: gardening virtues humility tranquility |
| 引用本文: | （英）戴维·库珀,曹凯中,张楚晗,青锋.花园实践：一种对“安静”美德的理解[J].风景园林，2023，30（3）：10-17. |
| David E. Cooper,CAO Kaizhong,ZHANG Chuhan,QING Feng.Garden Practices, “Quiet” Virtues, and Understanding[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2023, 30(3):10-17. |
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