| 摘要: |
| 【目的】城市的市域范围是碳排放的主要载体，占中国国土面积1.2%的城镇市域空间，贡献了接近总量80%的碳排放量。对此，预期通过厘清市域范围内不同土地覆盖类型所具有的碳排与碳汇能力之间的循环代谢关系，对市域总体碳收支情况进行核算，为市域尺度减碳、控碳提供基础支撑。【方法】从市域尺度出发，基于GlobeLand30地表覆被数据，关联不同地表覆被类型的碳排放与碳汇系数，对市域地表覆被基础碳收支情况进行核算。在此基础上，进一步增加电力能源消耗数据和工业能源消费数据，对非自然生态类市域建设用地的间接碳排放核算进行补充，并选择南京作为案例进行了方法实证。【结果】建构了中观市域尺度的碳收支理论模型，并以市域地表覆被作为碳排放核算的基础因素，提出了市域尺度碳收支核算方法，通过总体碳收支核算得到南京市域净碳排放总量。【结论】建构出的市域碳收支理论模型以及相关核算方法，一方面基于不同市域地表覆被类型所具有的碳排与碳汇特征，从理论层面解释了市域内部整体碳收支的循环转化机理。另一方面，从中观市域尺度进行了以基础地表覆被数据和间接能耗数据为支撑的总体碳收支核算，在一定程度上完善了既有以区域宏观尺度和建筑单体微观尺度为主的碳收支核算方法。 |
| 关键词: 碳收支 地表覆被 能源消耗 低碳城市规划 南京 |
| DOI：10.12409/j.fjyl.202304010160 |
| 分类号:TU984.2 |
| 基金项目:中国科协青年人才托举工程（编号 2022QNRC001） |
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| Urban-Scale Carbon Budget Accounting Based on High-Precision Land Cover Data |
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ZHENG Yi, WU Yueyue, YANG Junyan
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Southeast University
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] The urban area serves as the main carrier of carbon emission. In China, the area of urban spaces accounts for 1.2% of the total territorial area, contributing to nearly 80% of national total carbon emissions. At present, there are two practical problems with respect to the carbon budget accounting of urban space. First, in terms of accounting scale, most of the existing researches are conducted at the national, regional, provincial, watershed or any other regional macroscale. Second, in terms of carbon budget accounting method, existing researches mainly adopt such methods as inventory measurement, vorticity correlation, ecosystem process simulation and emission factor accounting. Therefore, at present, there is still not a comprehensive carbon budget accounting method that considers carbon source and carbon sink factors at the urban scale. In this regard, this research hopes to establish a theoretical model of urban carbon budget by clarifying the cyclic metabolic relationship between carbon emission and carbon sequestration capacity of different land cover types within the scope of urban area. Based on the highprecision land cover data obtained, the research explores a urban-scale carbon budget accounting method. [Methods] Firstly, at the urban scale, the research collects the data on fossil energy consumption related to land cover, power consumption and industrial land that can reflect urban carbon sources. Secondly, the research superimposed land cover data reflecting ecological carbon sinks to form a data base for urban carbon budget accounting that is based on land cover type and associated with direct and indirect energy consumption data, and at the same time clarifies the carbon emission and carbon sink coefficients of elements involved in the urban carbon budget system. Thirdly, according to the action mechanism of direct carbon emission, indirect carbon emission and carbon sink in the process of urban carbon budget, the research calculates the carbon sinks of each type of land cover and the total urban carbon sinks, as well as the direct and indirect carbon emissions at each carbon source and the total urban carbon emissions and, based on the offset conversion relationship therebetween, obtains the accounting results of the overall urban carbon budget. Finally, the research analyzes the urban-scale spatial distribution characteristics of carbon sources and sinks by associating the accounting results of carbon emissions with corresponding urban geographical locations. [Results] The research studies and constructs a theoretical model of carbon budget at the urban scale, and proposes relevant methods for carbon budget accounting at the urban scale by taking land cover in the urban area as the basic factor of carbon emission accounting. Nanjing is selected as an example to demonstrate the aforesaid method, with the total emissions of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the city being calculated respectively, based on which the total amount of the city’s net carbon emissions is obtained through the overall carbon budget accounting. [Conclusion] Based on the theoretical model of urban carbon budget and related accounting methods mentioned above, the research conducts an overall carbon budget accounting based on the data on basic land cover and indirect energy consumption at the mesoscale, which improves existing carbon budget accounting methods that mainly focus on regional macroscale or single-building microscale to a certain extent, while providing a methodological support for lowcarbon urban planning and sustainable development. |
| Key words: carbon budget land cover energy consumption low-carbon urban planning Nanjing |
