| 摘要: |
| 英国应对复杂问题形成了精细而又综合的国家公园保护机制，具有鲜明特色和重要借鉴意义。自然保护与景观保护是英国国家公园保护的“二元方法”，是国家层面保护制度在国家公园中的“投射”。基于此形成了以国家保护制度为骨架，国家公园层面补充强化的国家公园保护制度。首先，系统阐释了国家层面以生物多样性为主导的自然保护机制和国家公园层面的强化措施；其次，分析了基于景观特征评估的景观保护机制。在此基础上，提出英国国家公园自然保护与景观保护对中国当前国家公园机制建构的借鉴意义。 |
| 关键词: 国家公园 自然保护 景观保护 特殊科学价值场地 自然2000 景观特征评估 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（编号51608295）；北京市教委社科计划重点项目（编号SZ201810016009）；国家社会科学基金重大项目（编号 14ZDB142) |
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| Nature Conservation and Landscape Protection: A Dualistic Method of UK National Parks Protection and Its Mechanism |
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ZHANG Zhenwei1, YANG Rui2
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1.Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture;2.Tsinghua University
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| Abstract: |
| To deal with complex practical problems, a delicate and comprehensive national park protection mechanism has been established in the UK, featuring distinct characteristics and important reference significance. Nature conservation and landscape protection, composing Dualistic Method of National Park Protection in the UK, are the projection of national institutions onto national parks. Based on this, there has been formed a key feature about UK national park protection, which taking the national institutions as the framework while being supplemented and strengthened at the national park level. Firstly, the biodiversity-oriented nature conservation mechanism and strengthening measures at the national park level are systematically explained. Secondly, character assessment-based landscape protection mechanism is analyzed. On this basis, significance of UK national parks’ experiences is revealed as conclusions to enlighten the emerging of national park mechanism in China. |
| Key words: national park natural conservation landscape protection SSSIs Natura 2000 landscape character assessment |
