| 摘要: |
| 在全球尺度上，自然保护地的现状规模和“爱知目标11”不足以减缓生物多样性的下降趋势，因此亟须为全球自然保护地设立更高目标，并进一步扩大自然保护地面积。2009年，荒野基金会发起“自然需要一半”倡议（Nature Needs Half，NNH倡议），建议将地球至少50%的陆地和50%的海洋区域作为某种形式的自然保护地，并增强连通性。系统梳理并介绍了NNH倡议的背景和发展历程，从思想萌芽、正式提出和近期发展3个阶段分析了NNH倡议的主要内容。进一步从理论、政策和实践3个角度讨论了NNH倡议的可行性。最后，建议中国积极参与并在NNH倡议和制定“2020后全球生物多样性框架”中发挥更大作用。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 生物多样性 生态系统服务 荒野 国家公园 空间规划 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目（编号14ZDB142）；国家自然科学基金项目（编号51708323）；国家社会科学基金项目（编号18BGL178） |
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| Nature Needs Half: A New Vision for Global Protected Areas |
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CAO Yue1, YANG Rui1, (USA) Vance G. Martin2
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1.Tsinghua University;2.IUCN/WCPA Wilderness Specialist Group
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| Abstract: |
| Globally, the existing protected areas and Aichi Target 11 are not enough to slow the decline of biodiversity. As a result, there is an urgent need to set a higher target for protected areas and further expand the protected areas system. In 2009, the Nature Needs Half (NNH) initiative was launched by the WILD Foundation, which called for protecting at least 50% of the Earth’s land and ocean areas in an interconnected way. This paper systematically reviews and introduces the background and development of the NNH initiative. The main content of the NNH initiative is analyzed in three phases including its forming process, formal proposal and recent development. The feasibility of the NNH initiative is further discussed from the perspective of science, policy and practice. This paper also suggests China to actively participate and play a bigger role in the NNH initiative and Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. |
| Key words: landscape architecture biodiversity ecosystem service wilderness national park spatial planning |
| 引用本文: | 曹越,杨锐,美）万斯·马丁.自然需要一半：全球自然保护地新愿景[J].风景园林，2019，26（4）：39-44. |
| CAO Yue,YANG Rui,(USA) Vance G. Martin.Nature Needs Half: A New Vision for Global Protected Areas[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2019, 26(4):39-44. |
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