| 摘要: |
| 城市绿道作为调节城市气候的重要手段，受到了广泛关注，如何从营造良好微气候的角度出发进行绿道设计值得探究。以广州地区为例，重点研究绿道设计中铺地材质和周围景观环境2个基本要素对绿道微气候的影响，探求适宜的绿道微气候营造方法。对不同铺地材质和周边景观环境组成的16条绿道进行实测，定量分析水体、树荫以及铺地性质等对绿道微气候的影响。研究表明：铺地材质和周边景观环境以不同的方式对绿道微气候产生不同程度的影响，两者组合时互相影响，共同调节绿道微气候。铺地材质主要通过加热空气调节绿道微气候，首选反射率适中、含水量较高的铺地材质，如透水砖等，利于降低空气温度并减少人行高度短波辐射，对于遮挡少的周围环境，尤其要避免与低反射率的沥青和水泥组合。不同周边景观环境调节热环境的方式各异，建议采用乔—水、乔—草等复合环境，既能有效控制太阳辐射量，又能生风、降低空气温度、改善综合热环境；应避免使用灌木，尤其是与不透水阶砖等具有高反射率的材料组合。根据周围环境和下垫面材质的特性及其相互影响来进行合理搭配，有助于营造良好的绿道微气候。 |
| 关键词: 绿道 微气候 铺地材质 景观环境 绿道设计因素 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.07.0087.07 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:广州市科技计划（编号 201904010251）；广东省自然科学基金面上项目（编号 2020A1515011583） |
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| Field Measurement Research on Design Factors of Microclimate-Oriented Greenways |
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LI Li, XIAO Xin, DENG Xiaofei
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Guangzhou University
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| Abstract: |
| As an important means of regulating urban climate, urban greenways have received widespread attention. How to design greenways from the perspective of creating a good microclimate is worth exploring. Taking Guangzhou area as an example, this paper focuses on the influences of two basic factors on the greenway microclimate: the paving material selection and the surrounding landscape, and explores the appropriate greenway microclimate construction method. 16 greenways composed of different underlying surface materials and greening environment were measured to quantitatively analyze the influence of the water body, tree shade and underlying surface properties on the greenway microclimate. The study shows that the greening environment and the underlying surface affect the microclimate of the greenway in different ways, and when they are combined, they interact with each other to jointly regulate the microclimate of the greenway. The paving material is mainly used to regulate the micro-climate of the greenway by heating the air. The preferred paving materials with moderate reflectivity and high water content, such as permeable bricks and watered ground, are helpful to reduce the air temperature and the short wave radiation of the pedestrian height. In particular, the surrounding environment should be avoided in combination with low reflectivity asphalt and cement. Different surrounding landscape environments have different ways to regulate the thermal environment. It is recommended that a compound environment should be provided, such as arbor-water and arbor-grass, so as to effectively control the amount of solar radiation and generate wind to reduce the air temperature and improve the comprehensive thermal environment. Shrubs, especially materials with high reflectivity such as impermeable step bricks, should be avoided. According to the characteristics of the surrounding environment and the materials of the underlying surface and their mutual effects, an appropriate configuration can help to create a good green microclimate. |
| Key words: greenway microclimate paving material landscape environment greenway design factors |
| 引用本文: | 李丽,肖歆,邓小飞.以微气候营造为导向的绿道设计因素实测研究[J].风景园林，2020，27（7）：87-93. |
| LI Li,XIAO Xin,DENG Xiaofei.Field Measurement Research on Design Factors of Microclimate-Oriented Greenways[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2020, 27(7):87-93. |
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