| 摘要: |
| 风景园林在改善人居环境、提升公共健康方面一直发挥着重要的作用，但现有研究和实践集中于应对慢性非传染性疾病，较缺乏对于传染性疾病的关注。系统梳理风景园林应对传染病的历史渊源，简述主要依托的医学理论依据——瘴气理论。总结在该理论指导下世界多国风景园林在应对传染病方面的作为，其中英国表现出从城市公园建设发展到田园城市运动的特征，美国的特点是从纽约中央公园演进到城市美化运动。此外，瘴气理论还对法国、日本、韩国、澳大利亚、德国等多国的风景园林营造和城市建设产生了显著影响。在此基础上，提出了现代风景园林应对传染性疾病的4点启示。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 公共健康 传染病 瘴气理论 医学 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.10.0118.06 |
| 分类号:TU986.6 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Historical Relationship Between Landscape Architecture and Public Health: Based on the Perspective of Responses to Infectious Diseases |
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ZHONG Le1, ZHONG Peng2, HE Liping2, QIU Wen2
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1.Huazhong Agricultural University;2.Jiangxi Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Landscape architecture has played an important role in improving human settlements and public health. Existing research and practice focus on the responses to chronic non-communicable diseases, and pay less attention to infectious diseases. This paper systematically reviews the history of landscape architecture in preventing infectious diseases and introduces the miasma theory, a medical theory on which landscape architecture depends in preventing infectious diseases. It summarizes landscape architecture’s responses based on the miasma theory to infectious diseases in many countries. Among them, Britain is characterized by its development from urban park construction to the Garden City Movement, while the characteristics of America evolved from New York Central Park to City Beautiful Movement. The miasma theory also has a significant impact on landscape architecture and urban construction in France, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Germany and other countries. Finally, this paper puts forward four enlightenments of modern landscape architecture’s responses to infectious diseases. |
| Key words: landscape architecture public health infectious diseases miasma theory medicine |
| 引用本文: | 钟乐,钟鹏,贺利平,邱文.风景园林与公共健康的历史渊源：基于应对传染病的视角[J].风景园林，2020，27（10）：118-123. |
| ZHONG Le,ZHONG Peng,HE Liping,QIU Wen.Historical Relationship Between Landscape Architecture and Public Health: Based on the Perspective of Responses to Infectious Diseases[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2020, 27(10):118-123. |
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