| 摘要: |
| 伴随着公路建设、汽车普及和城市扩张，山地风景道项目在全球范围内普遍出现，满足都市乘客对旅途景观品质的需求。不同利益相关者就如何处理风景道与山地景观之间的关系存在分歧，需要通过合作规划与管理进行协调，但现有相关研究尚未针对具有不同活动类型、建设强度、治理主体和土地权属的都市山地风景道进行深入分析。洛杉矶在都市山地合作治理方面对美国其他城市乃至全球产生了示范效应，以紧邻洛杉矶市中心的圣莫妮卡山为案例，分析相关法规条例、研究报告、规划方案和设计导则，探讨汽车导向型山地风景道的合作规划与管理模式。研究发现：圣莫妮卡山地风景道建设具有明显的阶段性特征，涉及基础设施建设、地产开发、风景旅游、生态保护4种相互矛盾的外部需求。鉴于这些外部需求对山地景观造成的干扰，相关治理主体之间形成了3种基于廊道管控的风景道合作规划与管理模式。研究结果表明：这些合作模式有利于制衡不同外部需求，明确各方权责，构建能够适应充满变化性和复杂性的都市环境的韧性山地景观。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 山地风景道 圣莫妮卡山 合作规划与管理 韧性 文本分析 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2021.07.0069.07 |
| 分类号:TU 986.3 |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（编号 BLX201710）；国家自然科学基金（编号 31800607） |
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| Cooperative Planning and Management for Mountain Scenic Roads: The Case of the Santa Monica Mountains of Metropolitan Los Angeles |
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LI Zheng1, PEI Xin2
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1.Beijing Forestry University;2.China Urban Development Planning & Design Consulting Co., Ltd.
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| Abstract: |
| With the construction of roads, popularization of automobiles and urban expansion, mountain scenic road projects have appeared on a global scale, meeting metropolitan population’s demand for landscape quality along the journey, many of which are located within or connected to mountain-type protected areas, showing different landscape characteristics from plain roads. Different stakeholders have differences on how to deal with the relationship between scenic roads and mountainous landscapes, and they need to coordinate through cooperative governance, but there has not been an in-depth analysis of metropolitan mountain scenic roads with different types of activities, construction intensity, governing bodies and land ownership. Los Angeles has a demonstration effect on other cities in the United States and the world in terms of urban mountain cooperative governance. This study takes the Santa Monica Mountains near downtown Los Angeles as an example, analyzing relevant regulations, research reports, planning schemes and design guidelines to explore how to cooperatively plan and manage automobile-oriented mountain scenic roads. The study found that the scenic road development in the Santa Monica Mountain has obvious phase characteristics, involving four contradictory external demands, including infrastructural development, real estate development, scenic tourism, and ecological protection. In view of the disturbance caused by these external demands on the mountain landscape, three types of cooperative scenic road planning and management models based on corridor regulation have been formed among relevant governance entities. The research results show that these cooperation models are conducive to balancing different external demands, clarifying the rights and responsibilities of all parties, and building a resilient mountain landscape that can adapt to the metropolitan environment full of change and complexity. |
| Key words: landscape architecture mountain scenic road Santa Monica Mountains cooperative planning and management resilience content analysis |
