| 摘要: |
| 江苏省兴化地区位于里下河平原腹部的低洼地带，为万水交汇之地，其极具浓郁地域色彩的圩–垛田景观近年来受到众多学者的广泛关注。在区域尺度下，从水文环境变迁和人居环境建设两方面，归纳兴化地区圩–垛田景观发展的演变动力；在市域尺度下，分析兴化地区水利系统、农业开垦及聚落布局的地带特征。从形态学角度，研究兴化地区由东至西，自然地势不断降低、水网逐渐稠密、土地肌理愈发破碎，农田形态发育与聚落形态发展之间的内在关系，以及圩–垛田景观格局下，兴化地区独有的“水–田–村”布局模式。圩–垛田景观的形成是千百年来水与土地不断分解与整合后的结果，圩–垛田景观格局的发展和演变展示了兴化地区传统人居环境营建与自然系统之间相互选择、相互适应的过程，显示了劳动人民治水、农耕和营居的古老智慧。 |
| 关键词: 人居环境 圩–垛田景观 里下河平原 兴化地区 分层解析 “水–田–村”布局模式 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2022.02.0053.06 |
| 分类号:TU981 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（编号：52078041）；教育部人文社科一般项目（编号：20YJA760016） |
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| The “Water-Field-Village” Layout Pattern Under the Polder and Stack Field Landscape Pattern |
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SHI Xiaojie1, WU Di2, GUO Wei2
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1.China Academy of Building Research;2.Beijing Forestry University
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| Abstract: |
| Xinghua in Jiangsu Province is located in a low-lying area of the Lixiahe Plain, where numerous rivers meet. The polder and stack field landscape with rich regional characteristics has received extensive attention from many scholars in recent years. On the regional scale, and from the aspects of hydrological environment changes and human settlements construction, this research summarizes the evolutionary dynamics of the development of the polder and stack field landscape in Xinghua. On the urban scale, it analyzes the zonal characteristics of the water conservancy system, agricultural reclamation and settlement layout in Xinghua. From the perspective of morphology, it explores the internal relationship between the development of farmland and settlements in Xinghua from the east to the west, as the natural terrain decreases, the water network becomes denser, and the land texture turns more and more fragmented. It also probes into the unique “water-field-village” layout pattern in Xinghua under polder-stack fields landscape pattern, and discloses that the formation of polder-stack field landscape is the result of continuous decomposition and integration of water and land over thousands of years. The development and evolution of polder- stack field landscape pattern shows the process of mutual selection and adaptation between the construction of the traditional human settlement environment and the natural system in Xinghua, as well as the ancient wisdom of the working people in water management, farming and camping. |
| Key words: human settlement polde- stack field landscape Lixiahe Plain Xinghua Area hierarchical analysis “water-field-village” layout pattern |
| 引用本文: | 师晓洁,吴迪,郭巍.圩－垛田景观格局下的“水－田－村”布局模式[J].风景园林，2022，29（2）：53-58. |
| SHI Xiaojie,WU Di,GUO Wei.The “Water-Field-Village” Layout Pattern Under the Polder and Stack Field Landscape Pattern[J].Landscape Architecture Journal, 2022, 29(2):53-58. |
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