| 摘要: |
| 可供性理论从功能的角度描述儿童环境感知的心理本质及其对特定环境的行为反应，体现出强烈的人本主义关怀。通过文献回顾，首先厘清了可供性理论因能够直接描述儿童的环境–行为关系而成为儿童环境感知研究的重要理论基础，借助可供性的不同维度、层级及特性能够详细描述开放空间为儿童提供的多种活动机会。可供性作为联系环境与人类感知、行为的媒介概念，描述了行为发生的一系列条件，详细地解释物理、社会文化、个体因素是如何对儿童可供性实现甚至儿童发展造成影响的。对可供性的测度和分析构成了当前基于可供性理论的儿童友好型开放空间研究的基本方法。可供性理论指导下的儿童友好型开放空间研究还超越了空间设计决策与设计效能评估，进一步为以循证设计为导向的研究–实践框架的建立提供了可能性。 |
| 关键词: 儿童友好型 儿童户外活动空间 环境感知 环境行为 独立活动性 行为背景 景观绩效 包容性 参与式设计 |
| DOI：10.14085/j.fjyl.2022.02.0071.07 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金（编号 2019A1515010483） |
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| Research Status and Prospects of Child-Friendly Open Spaces Based on Affordance Theory |
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LIN Zhishan1, LIN Guangsi2
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1.Southeast University;2.South China University of Technology
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| Abstract: |
| The affordance theory describes the psychological essence of children's environmental perception and their behavioral response to specific environment in the way of function, reflecting strong humanistic care. Through literature review, this paper first clarifies that the affordance theory has become an important basis for the research of children's environmental perception because it can directly describe children's environment-behavior relationship. By different dimensions, levels and attributes of affordance, the various activities opportunities provided by open spaces for children can be described in detail. As a medium concept to connect environment with human perception and behavior, affordance actually describes conditions of behavior occurrence and explains how physical, social and cultural and individual factors affect children's realization of affordances and even children's development. Measuring and analyzing affordance constitutes the basic research method of child-friendly open spaces based on affordance theory at present. The research of child-friendly open spaces based on affordance theory also goes beyond the space design decision and efficiency evaluation and further provides the possibility of establishing a research and practice framework oriented by evidence-based design. |
| Key words: child-friendly children’s outdoor activity space environmental perception environmental behavior independent mobility behavior settings landscape performance inclusivity participatory design |
