| 摘要: |
| 【目的】绿色建造是新型可持续建造理念，顺应了生态文明时代绿色发展的要求，而园博会是示范绿色新型建造方式的良好平台。【方法】对第十三届中国（徐州）国际园林博览会园博园（简称第十三届中国园博园）设计及建设全过程进行记录梳理和总结。【结果】以绿色建造为手段、宕口重生为目标构建园博园技术设计体系的特征：1）通过生态修复土壤、水系，构建安全韧性的生态基底；2）从边坡治理、微地形调整、土壤基质改良、构建自稳定复合植物群落4个维度修复山体宕口，实现废弃地的绿色重生；3）采用“小群落，大混交”的补植方式进行林相改造，使纯林向混交林演变，稳定森林生态环境结构；4）在材料选择上，大量应用维护管养成本低的乡土植物，利用场地材料、建筑垃圾、废弃材料打造艺术空间，节能创新；5）首度示范装配式园林景观，引导低碳、经济、可持续的新园林建造模式。【结论】第十三届中国园博园从策划设计到材料选择、施工管理、运营维护等过程，将新工艺、新技术、新设备、新材料“四新”理念融入园区设计，始终践行资源节约、环境保护的全生命周期的绿色建造方式。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 第十三届中国国际园林博览会 绿色建造 宕口重生 技术设计 |
| DOI：10.12409/j.fjyl.202201310062 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis on Technical Design of Expo Gardens in the 13th China (Xuzhou) International Garden Expo |
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SUO Xiu1, SHEN Yue2, MA Xiaomei1, HE Fang3
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1.Shenzhen Meidao Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning & Design Co., Ltd.;2.University of Hyogo;3.Beijing Forestry University
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] In order to better responding the requirements of green development in the era of ecological civilization and demonstrate new green construction methods, it is necessary to sort out the design system for the green construction of Expo gardens, which will play a leading and referential role in realizing efficient resource utilization, minimizing waste discharge, and significantly improving environmental quality in urban and rural construction. [Methods] This research reviews the whole-process records of the design and construction project (hereinafter referred to as the project) of the 13th China (Xuzhou) International Garden Expo (hereinafter referred to as the “13th China Garden Expo”), based on which figures out the characteristics of the technical design system for the 13th China Garden Expo by means of green construction following the goal of quarry pit garden revival. [Results] 1) In the process of design, the project, in view of the serious problem of soil and water loss on site, improves local soil structure through soil and plant restoration, combs existing topography and water system ditches in combination with local realities, and establishes a variety of landscape soil and water conservation facilities such as dry stream, ecological pond, sand sink, ecological river channel, ecological grass ditch and stone shed ditch. In addition, the project builds a resilient sponge garden that can prevent people from wetting their shoes on rainy days inside the garden. 2) For existing quarry pit occupying a large area, the project, from the four dimensions of slope management, micro-topography adjustment, soil matrix improvement, and construction of self-stable complex plant community, improves challenging site conditions, reshapes the nutrient matrix layer, achieves rapid and stable recovery of vegetation communities, and builds a safe and stable ecosystem through technical design. 3) For the woodland area, the project adopts the replanting method of “ small plant community, massive mixed plantation” to achieve forest transformation by replanting the original plant Platycladus orientalis, and adding deciduous broad-leaved tree communities in local area and multi-level broad-leaved mixed forests outside the forest edge. The evolution from pure forest to mixed forest endows the forest ecological environment with more stable structure, and makes it organically interact with surrounding gardens, thus achieving the integration of ornamental scenery and ecological efficiency. 4) As to material selection, the project adopts a large number of local plants and site materials with low maintenance and management costs, as well as relevant construction and earthwork wastes recycled. Meanwhile, industrial waste parts and daily necessities are also used to create art installations, to convey the concept of environmental protection, to realize energy conservation and innovation, and to achieve the goal of returning nature to nature. 5) The 13th China Garden Expo also demonstrates the prefabricated garden landscape for the first time, marking the initial application of a new garden construction mode that is low-carbon, economical and sustainable. This mode can achieve the integration of modular combinations and prefabricated landscape, and accordingly create multi-functional and mobile experience spaces. [Conclusion] The 13th China Garden Expo integrates the concept of “new process, new technology, new equipment and new material” into the whole process from planning and design to material selection, construction management, and operation and maintenance, and always practices the green construction mode featuring resource conservation and environmental protection throughout its life cycle. |
| Key words: landscape architecture the 13th China International Garden Expo green construction quarry pit garden revival technical design |
