| 摘要: |
| [目的]城市滨河绿地具有重要的生态系统服务价值，详细评价其生态系统文化服务（cultural ecosystem services, CES）水平，可以更好地满足公众的基本文化需求。[方法]以河北省石家庄市滹沱河城区段滨河绿地为例，提出一种适用于城市滨河绿地的CES感知评价方法，通过获取场地社交媒体评价数据，提取评论文本中的有效信息并与场地信息关联，将评价数据落位到具体景观空间进行CES制图。在此基础上，通过空间自相关分析，识别优先改造区域。[结果]研究发现：1）高CES综合价值场地主要集中在滹沱花海与滹沱生态岛区域；2）场地可分为高服务-高使用的热点区、低服务-低使用的冷点区、高服务-低使用的改造区和低服务-高使用的提升区。[结论]研究为基于社交媒体文本的CES评价拓展了可用数据源。同时，融合词频分析与文本分词技术的文化服务感知评价方法可以提升CES评价精度，更准确地将社交媒体文本与景观特征耦合，为城市滨河绿地的改造提升提供指导依据。 |
| 关键词: 生态系统文化服务 城市滨河绿地 社交媒体 景观感知评价 词频分析 空间制图 |
| DOI：10.12409/j.fjyl.202301110020 |
| 分类号:TU986 |
| 基金项目:住房和城乡建设部研究开发项目“多尺度城市绿色基础设施评价方法与更新关键技术研究”（编号 2020-K-033） |
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| Evaluation of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Urban Riverside Green Space Based on Online Social Media Commentary |
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LI Haoran, LIU Zhe, LI Xiaoxi, ZHENG Xi
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Beijing Forestry University
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] Urban public green spaces are significantly valuable in terms of ecosystem services, including cultural ecosystem services (CES) featured by high sensitivity and high-level participation, which can well cater to people’s aesthetic preferences and spiritual needs. A meticulous evaluation of the cultural service level of urban public green spaces and the proposal of renovation suggestions for specific landscape areas can effectively address the fundamental cultural requirements of the public and improve the life quality of residents. However, the potential of large-scale participatory social media platforms with extensive user engagement and abundant comment information remains largely untapped for perception evaluation of urban riverside green spaces, which primarily arises from the absence of geographical location information associated with the comments on social media platforms. Consequently, there is currently no established scientific and systematic method for evaluating CES in urban riverside green spaces. Additionally, the evaluation results of CES have not been effectively linked to the actual activities of visitors, presenting challenges in providing clear and specific guidance for site planning and renovation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel approach that can effectively extract valuable information from comment data on large-scale participatory social media platforms, associate evaluation texts with relevant research site information, facilitate the organization of comment data, expand the pool of data sources for CES evaluation, explore the correlation between cultural service level and site usage, and enhance the scientific and rational decision-making process in urban planning. [Methods] Taking the riverside green space in the urban section of the Hutuo River as an example, this research presents a novel approach to evaluate the CES of urban riverside green spaces. The research methodology comprises six distinct steps as outlined below. 1) Collect comment text data from the research site by Python web crawler, and then conduct word frequency analysis to identify frequently used vocabulary associated with the site, based on which a location information lexicon is constructed. 2) Analyze segmented comment texts to extract pertinent information concerning scenic spots and land use, utilizing the established location information lexicon as a reference. 3) Establish a comprehensive CES indicator system, and develop a site CES lexicon through word frequency statistics to extract CES evaluation information from segmented comment texts. 4) Encode scenic spot information and land use data to associate comment texts with specific site spaces for spatial perception mapping of CES. 5) Calculate the kernel density of trajectory data to characterize the level of usage of a certain area of the site. 6) Adopt the method of spatial autocorrelation to investigate the relationship between the overall value of cultural services provided by the site ecosystem and the actual usage of the site. The findings derived from the analysis above can help provide recommendations for site renovation and design. [Results] The findings of this research reveal that the urban riverside green space under research possesses a strong capacity to offer aesthetic experience, sightseeing opportunities and recreational services. However, there is untapped potential for further improvement in the areas of science education and spiritual satisfaction services. Specifically, four distinct categories of areas have been identified on the website: high-service high-usage hotspots (HH), low-service low-usage cold spots (LL), high-service low-usage conversion areas (LH), and low-service high-usage promotion areas (HL). The high-service high-usage hotspots, referred to as HH gathering sites, represent sites of exceptional quality within the research area. It is recommended to maintain their current status and ensure their proper functioning. Conversely, the low-service low-usage cold spots, known as LL gathering sites, exhibit relatively low levels of cultural service and usage. Therefore, renovation and improvement of supporting facilities should be prioritized during the planning and construction of these sites. The high-service low-usage conversion areas, labeled as HL gathering sites, demonstrate a high cultural service level while low usage level. In future planning and construction, it is advisable to leverage the existing social appeal of these sites to enhance the accessibility and optimize the openness of public spaces. The low-service high-usage promotion areas, referred to as LH gathering sites, exhibit relatively low cultural service level despite their high usage level. Therefore, in the process of planning and construction, emphasis should be placed on the development of distinctive landscapes for these areas. [Conclusion] This research represents a valuable contribution to the expansion of data sources for evaluating CES through adopting a novel approach based on social media text. Through the utilization of a multi-level CES perception method based on landscape feature that integrates word frequency analysis and text segmentation technology, the accuracy of CES evaluation is significantly improved. This approach can effectively capture the cultural service perception evoked by the actual site, making it able to comprehensively understand user evaluations. Moreover, the proposed approach can facilitate the visualization of user perceptions concerning open riverside green spaces, enabling a more precise integration of social media text and landscape features. Therefore, this research can provide valuable guidance for the transformation and enhancement of urban riverside green spaces, thereby contributing to the overall improvement of their cultural ecosystem services. |
| Key words: cultural ecosystem service (CES) urban riverside green space social media landscape perception evaluation word frequency analysis spatial mapping |
