| 摘要: |
| 【目的】在健康中国的战略背景下，人们游赏自然风景的感知、感受和感应之间的影响关系成为值得探讨的话题。【方法】从风景旷奥理论出发，应用刺激—有机体—反应模型，探究城市郊野公园景观旷奥视觉感知对游人行为意向的影响关系，并选取福州的9个城市郊野公园作为研究样地，运用结构方程模型进行验证。【结果】研究发现：1）旷奥空间特征对旷奥感受的影响作用最显著，旷奥景观要素对恢复性知觉和行为意向的影响作用最显著，而旷奥空间特征对恢复性知觉和游人行为意向不产生显著影响；2）恢复性知觉和旷奥景观要素对游人行为意向的影响作用比较显著。【结论】旷奥视觉感知对游人行为意向的驱动机制有“旷奥视觉感知—旷奥感受—行为意向”“旷奥视觉感知—恢复性知觉—行为意向”和“旷奥视觉感知—旷奥感受—恢复性知觉—行为意向”3条路径。揭示了旷奥直觉、知觉和意向之间的影响关系，可为城市郊野公园景观建设与优化提供理论参考。 |
| 关键词: 景观感应 旷奥视觉感知 恢复性知觉 行为意向 城市郊野公园 |
| DOI：10.12409/j.fjyl.202207290453 |
| 分类号:TU986.52 |
| 基金项目:福建农林大学科技发展基金“应对气候变化的高密度城市生态屋顶规划应用研究”（编号 CXZX2020126B） |
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| Relationship Between Visual Perception of Landscape Kuang-Ao and Behavioral Intention of Tourists in Urban Country Parks |
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ZHENG Hanqing, LAI Pengcheng, WU Yuanjing, HUANG Qitang
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] After more than 70 years of development in the construction of human settlements in China, the health healing effect of the natural landscape environment is becoming more and more prominent, and human landscape perception is gradually changing to landscape perception and reaction that seeks the goal of harmonious coexistence of all things. The complete landscape induction of an individual involves the three dimensions of perception (passively receiving sensory intuition), feeling (feeling and cognition upon entry into the psychological process) and induction (realization of behavioral intention and mental activities), which share a similar structure with the stimulus−organism−response (SOR) model. In the strategic context of healthy China, people are less willing to travel outside. Country parks, as a natural resource for healing and recuperation in urban fringe areas, can provide recuperation and recreation services for both urban and rural residents, and are thus expected to play an important role in protecting natural landscape resources and ecological infrastructure, and improving the sustainable development of urban space. Based on this, from the perspective of landscape sense, this research adopts the SOR model to explore the influence of the visual perception of landscape Kuang-Ao of urban country parks on tourists’ behavioral intentions. [Method] This research selects users of nine urban country parks in Fuzhou as research objects. The research firstly collects data through questionnaire survey, with 500 effective questionnaires being finally obtained. Then the research adopts SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 software for data analysis and structural equation model testing. [Results] The research finds that: 1) every unit increase of Kuang-Ao landscape elements, Kuang-Ao space features and Kuang-Ao vision elements can increase tourists’ behavior intention by 0.278, −0.008 and 0.129 units respectively; 2) every unit increase of Kuang-Ao feeling and restorative perception can increase tourists’ behavioral intention by 0.218 and 0.293 units respectively; 3) Kuang-Ao feelings play a mediating role in the relationship between Kuang-Ao visual perception and behavioral intention. [Conclusion] 1) The perception of landscape elements has the greatest influence on behavioral intention, while the perception of space features has no significant influence on behavioral intention. Moreover, emotional feelings and health perceptions that enter psychological perception can be transformed into behavioral activities and mental intentions of tourists. 2) Kuang-Ao visual perception can drive tourists’ behavioral intention through the following three paths: “Kuang-Ao visual perception − Kuang-Ao feeling − behavior intention” “Kuang-Ao visual perception − restorative perception − behavioral intention” and “Kuang-Ao visual perception − Kuang-Ao feeling − restorative perception − behavioral intention”. At the same time, there is an internal hierarchical structure between the two intermediary variables, that is, “Kuang-Ao feeling − restorative perception”.Therefore, in order to promote the intention of tourists to visit country parks. Firstly, it is necessary to construct a country landscape image that highlights natural wildness, simplicity and vitality. For example: 1) on the premise of ensuring the sense of space security, improve the naturalness of space; 2) while increasing the natural wilderness of landscape, pay attention to improving the beauty of landscape; 3) highlight the theme characteristics of country parks and create landscape images. Secondly, tourists can improve their restorative perception and profound feeling by focusing on restorative landscape element creation and landscape space creation emphasizing multiple feelings. For example: 1) by enhancing the openness of space and improving the transparency and ease of thinking, strengthen the feeling of clarity during the tour, and enhance the sense of tranquility, comfort and happiness; 2) by improving the complexity and mystery of space, strengthen the feeling of profoundness during the tour, while enhancing the explorability of space, and the sense of security, vitality and awe. Finally, the construction of landscape elements focuses on the construction of water landscape and plant landscape. For example: 1) design winding water surface, increase the area of water body and ensure good water quality, so as to prevent the beautiful scenery that sky and water merge at the horizon with the reflection visible, thus restoring the extensibility and compatibility of tourists’ sensual perception; 2) appropriately conduct terrain stacking based on the original terrain, and surround the space with bushes and hedges to increase the consistency and compatibility of space. Plant plants with comfortable texture and touch in the vicinity, match plants with harmonious and consistent colors in the sitting-out area to highlight the consistency of the environment, and appropriately add some small artificial facilities with special colors such as seats and signs to increase the novelty of tourists’ restorative perception. To sum up, in order to further analyze the relationship between landscape perception in urban country parks and behavioral intentions of tourists, other independent variables such as auditory perception, tactile perception, taste perception and olfactory perception can be introduced in future researches to examine the relationship between them and tourists’ behavioral intentions, thus more comprehensively revealing the health benefits that the landscape in country parks can bring to tourists and the influence thereof on tourists’ willingness to tour such parks. |
| Key words: landscape interaction Kuang-Ao visual perception restorative perception behavioral intention urban country park |
